Australian Taxation Office Perspective Work â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Australian Taxation Office Perspective Work? Answer: Introducation The tax collection administering of TR 93/6 is identified with the course of action made by the bank to let down the premium payable on the credit record of the clients (Woellner et al. 2016). Such game plan by bank are comprehended as premium counterbalance game plan anyway they are known as the credit account balance course of action. The items are commonly organized in such a way no measure of intrigue is inferred by the clients and because of this clients are not at risk to pay any measure of annual duty identifying with the incidental advantage emerging from the record. Under such conditions Brian is furnished with the office of advance bookkeeping balance program with the target of lessening the intrigue charged to the representatives in regard of the credit incidental advantage under segment 16 of the Fringe Benefit Tax Assessment Act 1986 (Robin 2017). Because of from such counterbalance plan Brian won't be at risk to pay charge on such incidental advantage emerging from the credit account.The advance balance advantage gave to Brian brings about incidental advantage and under area 16 of the FBTAA 1986 he won't be required to make good on charge. The issue clarifies the division of the overall gain or misfortune identifying with the investment property in the midst of the co-proprietors of that property. The tax collection administering of TR 93/32 evaluates the situation of available situation of the co-proprietors whose activities are not viewed as performing of a business capacities (Blakelock and King 2017). The decision characterizes that Co-responsibility for investment property is viewed as the association inside the extent of the personal duty anyway it isn't viewed as the organization under the general law with the exception of the proprietorship is viewed as the carrying on of a business (Barkoczy 2016). The contextual investigation presents that Jack and his better half Jill entered in an association of buying the investment property. An agreement among Jack and Jill was framed whereby the agreement expressed that Jack will get a benefit of 10% then again Jill will get a benefit of 90% from the joint responsibility for property. There was a proviso contained in the property that involved the understanding where Jack was to bear whole measure of misfortune. This expresses understanding between them were in nature of joint proprietors or inhabitants in like manner. The occupancies are furthermore comprehended as the co-proprietors of the interests (Barkoczy et al. 2016). As indicated by the Taxation Ruling of 93/32 it very well may be resolved that Jack and Jill their organization represents annual assessment reason yet not as the accomplices under the general law. As decided on account of McDonald v FC of T (1987) it was battled that there was no organization under the general law and just a noteworthy connection among the accomplices existed of the co-proprietorship (Anderson, Dickfos and Brown 2016). Being the joint occupants at law and value the misfortune that has been acquired in letting the premises must be shared similarly with the outcomes that the gatherings are required to one of the reasonings. So also if there should arise an occurrence of Jack and Jill they will be held as inhabitants under law and value with the misfortunes ought to be shared among them on similarly premise. On the off chance that they choose to sell the premises, at that point the cost base along with the diminished cost based ought to be considered in the expense of procurement. Moreover, the capital increases and misfortune must be considered under the enthusiasm of the proprietorships among Jack and Jill. The citizen and his better half didn't mollified to be an association at the general law and just a connection of co-proprietorship won between them which expected them to share benefit similarly. The duke of Westministerss case has been routinely alluded at the hour of duty evasion. As held on account of IRC v Duke of Westminster(1936) the Duke of Westminster connected with a nursery worker and paid the plant specialist from the Dukes considerable measure of post-charge pay (Tran and Walpole 2016). To drop down the assessment the Duke halted the installment of wages to the plant specialist and as an elective drew up a contract that consented to dispense a relating total. Under the laws of assessment of the time, this furnished Duke with the chance of guaranteeing findings with the target of diminishing their available salary and thus decreases their duty obligation to personal expense and surtax. It very well may be expressed that no citizen would be required to pay higher measure of assessment. Then again a succeeding standard of WT Ramsay v IRC has been alluded so as to restrict the examples of assessment evasion that is placed into the utilization by the individual citizen s (James 2016). The standards likewise set out that business exchange must have the business as opposed to just creation charge shirking. On actualizing, the standards in the current time of Australia it tends to be expressed that if an individual is viable in requesting charge undertakings with the target that no individual is required in their creativity to pay anything over the doled out sum. The results characterizes that the citizens have the possibility of lessening charge liabilities however this ought to be done inside the structure of law. On the off chance that the standards is applied in the present day of Australia, at that point people and organizations are required to make their money related reports such that the motivation behind lessening assessment ought to be in such a way, that charge risk ought to be in regard of the legitimate development of the demonstration (Braithwaite 2017). The issue manages the level of receipts that is created from the offer of the wood will be viewed as the available salary enjoyed the exercises of ranger service. Segment 6 (1) of the ITAA 1936 Tax assessment Rulings of TR 95/6 Subsection 36 (1) Segment 26 (f) McCauley v FC of T (1944) Stanton v FC of T (1955) Applications: As per the tax collection administering of TR 95/6 a citizen is viewed as the essential maker under the annual assessment reason for enjoying the ranger service industry given that the ranger service movement includes carrying on of a business (Newman 2016). As indicated by the Subsection 6 (1) of the ITAA 1936 characterizes that ranger service activities is respected planting or tending of trees in estate or woods that is planned for felling. As apparent Bill has a land that contains the pine trees and he at last acknowledged the proposal of the logging organization that paid him with $1,000 for each 100 meters of lumber it can take from Bills land. As portrayed in Sub area 6 (1) of the ITAA 1936 Bill will be treated as essential maker since he has been liberal in tending of trees in the land which he claimed (Barkoczy 2016). The tax assessment administering of 95/6 gives that the backwoods capacities contains the tending of trees in a manor disregarding the way that the citizen was not liberal during the time spent estate or felling down of trees. The investigation characterizes that Bill however being the proprietor of the land didn't planted the trees for felling yet it tends to be contended that selling of lumber is an assessable salary under segment 36 (1). On getting an enormous entirety of $50,000 by Bill for allowing the privilege to the logging organization of taking the lumber agreeing their needs then the sum that is gotten by bill will be treated as Royalties under area 26 (f) (Blakelock and King 2017). The normal idea of eminence is considered under various cases including the instance of Stanton v FC of T (1955) which depicts that the cutting edge applications falls under two heads. It comprises of installments that outcomes in imposing business models or proprietor of the dirt gets as to takings of anything extraordinary that shapes its piece. Alluding to the instance of charge it tends to be said that the meaning of eminences is relevant since he being the proprietor of the dirt awards the rights to logging organization of accepting wood as much as they need from his dirt. The instance of McCauley v FC of T (1944) characterizes that sum got as the installment for giving the privilege of chopping down the trees then the aggregate that is gotten for chopping down the wood would be viewed as eminences. The sum got by bill will be treated as sovereignties under segment 26 (f) of the demonstration. End: The contextual analysis clarifies that bill is considered as playing out the business ranger service and the sum got by him would be treated as assessable salary. Reference List: Anderson, C., Dickfos, J. what's more, Brown, C., 2016. The Australian Taxation Office-what job does it play in hostile to phoenix activity?.INSOLVENCY LAW JOURNAL,24(2), pp.127-140. Barkoczy, S., 2016. Establishments of Taxation Law 2016.OUP Catalog. Barkoczy, S., Nethercott, L., Devos, K. what's more, Richardson, G., 2016.Foundations Student Tax Pack 3 2016. Oxford University Press Australia New Zealand. Blakelock, S. what's more, King, P., 2017. Tax assessment law: The development of ATO information coordinating. Money related, The,37(6), p.18. Braithwaite, V. ed., 2017.Taxing popular government: Understanding duty shirking and avoidance. Routledge. James, K., 2016. The Australian Taxation Office point of view on business related travel cost reasonings for academics.International Journal of Critical Accounting,8(5-6), pp.345-362. Newman, S., 2016. The new CGT retaining system: More than meets the eye.Proctor, The, Management, p.18. ROBIN, H., 2017.AUSTRALIAN TAXATION LAW 2017. OXFORD University Press. Tran-Nam, B. what's more, Walpole, M., 2016. Duty questions, suit expenses and access to burden justice.eJournal of Tax Research,14(2), p.319. Woellner, R.H., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C. what's more, Pinto, D., 2016.Australian Taxation Law Select: Legislation and Commentary 2016. Oxford University Press

The Significance of the Title to the Novel the Pearl

The criticalness of the title to the novel ‘The Pearl’. The epic ‘The Pearl’ by John Steinbeck is such a novel, that truly intrigue me as a peruser. What is truly fitting is simply the title which join ‘the pearl’, the embodiment of the story. The pearl is extremely huge to the title on the grounds that without ‘the pearl of the world’, the story just would not exist. The tale couldn't remain without anyone else if the pearl isn't found. We can likewise observe that any story would not be fascinating without conflicts.The pearl has made clashes among the characters in the novel. Along these lines, it tends to be said that the pearl moves the story. The characters are nothing without the pearl. The pearl is the start and the finish of the novel. As perusers, we can see that the pearl shows up as something huge when Kino discovered it. The finding of the pearl is portrayed clearly in the story. Its shading and shape are appeared by th e author graphically. The reaction from Kino who secured his clench hand triumphantly and his companions who come in drove show the significance of the pearl.We understood that the story spins around the pearl. This proceeds till the finish of the story. The vanishing of the pearl when it was tossed by Kino denotes the finish of the story. Thusly, the pearl is a solitary substance which is imperative to the novel. The pearl is critical as the title as it separate among great and insidious and between poor people and the rich. It turns into an inestimable ware that transforms the character into what their identity is. The individuals who wish to be malevolent utilize the pearl for fiendish purposes while the great simply need it for their ordinary life.Thus the pearl is critical to the two gatherings, and to the title of the novel. An epic vitality lies in the presence of ground-breaking characters and plot. Despite the fact that the pearl isn't a character, its contribution in about all the significant happenings is an explanation that the vitality drives the story forward. The individuals who contact it become fixate on it and the individuals who haven’t are eager to effectively get it. Kino gets fixated on the pearl guarantees and the specialist is happy to forfeit his expert decorum to get the pearl.It appears that the vitality of the pearl is wild. This makes ‘The Pearl’ a wonderful story that intrigue perusers. A story needs a reasonable setting which suit the period. The pearl is an ideal instrument that suits a story that happens in La Paz, a significant pearl maker in American Continent. We can envision that if the pearl is supplanted with other thing, the novel would get dull and the story gets unessential. It is a significant apparatus that require by numerous individuals in La Paz, including the locals and the rich immigrants.Kino himself said that the pearl is his spirit. The pearl that drives the economy of La Paz is additional ly the one that drives the plot of ‘The Pearl’. The focuses above have indicated that the title of the novel ‘The Pearl’ which utilizes the pearl of the world as its principle fixing is appropriately picked. The title ‘The Pearl’ impeccably suits the story plot. It likewise gives the correct fixing to clashes and an establishment for an endless missions for a decent life.

How the Three Types of Conjunctions Connect Ideas

How the Three Types of Conjunctions Connect Ideas How the Three Types of Conjunctions Connect Ideas How the Three Types of Conjunctions Connect Ideas By Mark Nichol This post characterizes and talks about the three kinds of conjunctions (words or expressions that fill in as an extension connecting two words, expressions, statements, or sentences): organizing, correlative, and subjecting conjunctions. Organizing Conjunctions Organizing conjunctions, likewise called facilitators, join words, statements, or sentences of equivalent significance. The most widely recognized organizing conjunctions, much of the time recorded in the accompanying request to mirror the utilization of the memory aide FANBOYS, incorporate for, and, nor, in any case, or, yet, thus. Others are not one or the other, just, and â€Å"no more,† just as a few British English conjunctive expressions that join one of the six conjunctions other than nor with that one, (for example, â€Å"and nor†). Instances of the ten recorded conjunctions being used, joined by a depiction of their capacities, follow: I strolled, for I needed exercise. (reason) I strolled, and I ran. (expansion) I neither strolled nor ran. (elective without differentiate) I strolled, yet I ran, as well. (differentiation or exemption) I (either) strolled, or I ran. (elective with differentiate) I strolled, yet I ran, as well. (differentiation or special case) I strolled gradually, so I rushed to make up for lost time. (outcome) I don’t walk; neither do I run. (expansion) I don’t walk; no more do I run. (expansion) I would walk, just I run. (differentiate) Note that the differentiation among nor and additionally, which are commonly went with, individually, by neither and either (in spite of the fact that the last is parenthesized in the appropriate model since it is discretionary), is that with not one or the other/nor, the decisions don't influence one another, though with either/or, one decision counteracts the other. Be that as it may, but are for all intents and purposes compatible, while the three expansion conjunctions, and, not one or the other, and â€Å"no more,† are recorded arranged by custom, with â€Å"no more† by and large confined to formal or wonderful utilization. Just is utilized in the feeling of â€Å"That [one idea] would be valid if this [another idea] were not.† Correlative Conjunctions Correlative conjunctions incorporate, among others, the accompanying word or expression sets, which capacity to think about two sets of words or expressions in a sentence that have equivalent weight; each is trailed by a model: so much/as: Vacations like that can be an agony as much as they are a delight. as/as: This gathering is as dull as I anticipated that it should be. both/and: Both the vehicle and the truck are new. either/or: Either go now, or hold until some other time. similarly as/so: Just as you appreciate setting off to the theater, I like watching motion pictures. not one or the other/nor: Neither my dad or my mom was brought into the world here. no sooner/than: No sooner had she perused the letter than he showed up. not/however: It isn't me yet her who is to be faulted. but likewise: I am worn out as well as furious. Or maybe/than: I would prefer to play tennis than golf today. the/the: The more you read about it, the more noteworthy a difficult it is by all accounts. regardless of whether/orv We couldn’t tell whether the child is a kid or a young lady. A few sentences fusing correlative conjunctions are simpler to build than others. Those including either/or and not one or the other/nor, and â€Å"not only†/â€Å"but also,† are regularly wrongly created in light of the fact that the primary word or expression is inaccurately arranged in the linguistic structure of the sentence. Note, for instance, that in the accompanying sentence, the situation of â€Å"either be capable to† recommends that â€Å"carry on† will have a contrast later in the sentence: â€Å"Smith ought to either have the option to continue contributing through his value plan or by utilizing the duty cover inside the new reserve funds account.† However, the antitheses, isolated by or, the second of the two correlative conjunctions, are â€Å"his value plan† and â€Å"using the assessment shelter,† so either ought to promptly go before the first of the two decisions, similarly as or quickly goes before the subsequent option: â€Å"Smith ought to have the option to continue contributing either by means of his value plan or by utilizing the expense cover inside the new investment funds account.† Moreover, in â€Å"People didn't just consider him to be an incredible competitor yet additionally as an extraordinary man,† the proposal is that individuals completed two things according to the subject, including seeing him and something different. Be that as it may, the proposed importance is that they saw him in two settings, so â€Å"not only,† like â€Å"but also,† applies to saw and ought to hence tail it, while â€Å"not only† promptly goes before â€Å"as an incredible athlete,† similarly as â€Å"but also† quickly goes before â€Å"as an extraordinary man†: â€Å"People saw him as an extraordinary competitor as well as an extraordinary man.† Subjecting Conjunctions Subjecting conjunctions, which join autonomous provisos and ward statements, or present verb-modifying conditions, incorporate, among others, the accompanying words and expressions: after despite the fact that as â€Å"as far as† as though â€Å"as long as† â€Å"as soon as† â€Å"as though† since previously â€Å"even if† â€Å"even though† â€Å"every time† on the off chance that â€Å"in request that† once â€Å"provided that† â€Å"rather than† since so â€Å"so that† than however except if until when at whatever point where while any place while why A word intensifying condition is the start of a sentence, for example, â€Å"After looking through the work area, I checked the document cabinet.† a similar sentence can be transformed with the goal that the subjecting combination connects the free proviso â€Å"I checked the record cabinet† and the needy statement â€Å"searching the desk.† Filling a comparable job are conjunctions in fact known as complementizers, for example, that and whether, which transform a proviso into a sentence’s subject or item. Models remember that for â€Å"John said that she would have been here† (in spite of the fact that that as a complementizer is commonly discretionary) and whether in â€Å"I don’t know whether I can attend.† (Here, as in numerous yet not all uses, if is exchangeable with whether.) Need to improve your English quickly a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Grammar classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:100 Whimsical WordsProbable versus Possible15 Names and Descriptions of Effects

Louise Bourgeois Essay

Much can be gained from the earth inside which we live. What we see educates a great deal concerning the general public wherein we live: conviction framework; legislative issues; monetary endeavors; connection and material culture among others. Through material culture, we can get knowledge into the world that existed well before us. Culture can be characterized as the lifestyle of individuals portraying their mutual encounters, political and strict convictions, innovation, bits of knowledge, mentalities, and material items. (Li and Karakowsky) The superb can be characterized as the estimated significance or huge force as far as organic, good, mental, powerful, excellence, craftsmanship or religion. Glorious is experienced again and again. It is inserted in our history, being, values, contemplations, ideas, world perspectives, convictions, and is answerable for our characters (Bernadac 2007 p20) Main Body One of America’s prestigious craftsman and stone carver, Louise Bourgeois, figured out how to catch the American Sublime through her creative endeavor. She was conceived in Paris, France in December 25, 1911 yet made a trip to America in 1938 to consummate her aesthetic undertaking. She contemplated science at the Sorbonne, and painting and model in Ecole du Louver, Ecole des Beaux-Arts, and Art Students League of New York. She filled in as an associate to Fernand Henri Leger-a French stone carver, painter, and producer. She is well known for her work that delineates creepy crawlies, figures, drawings and scholarly work (National Gallery of Canada 2005 p16). As a method of portraying the general public wherein she was living, Bourgeois’ work is loaded with lifeless pictures of appalling trepidation, apparitions, dimness, tormented individuals, and handicapping psychological maladjustment to endeavor to get at the wellspring of these feelings and to maintain typicality even in the midst of disorder. Her works delineated the scholarly atmosphere, social and recorded conditions that existed at that point. (Gorovoy et al 2006 pp 27 - 28) She caught the impacts of the First World War through cutting limbless models and separated appendages and had a large portion of his artistic creations and figures painted dark to portray demise and grieving, (Gorovoy et al 2006 p 24) e. g. the two headless texture bodies endeavoring to have intercourse demonstrated as follows. She delineates the insurgency of the western governmental issues, to a great extent constructivism, through banners that communicated compassion towards the Russian system which she showed in Moscow. The Tate Modern display index shows her tendency towards Communism. Middle class made theoretical workmanship pieces that pondered her youth encounters indicating how connections inside the family were weaved together in this way getting the part of family relationship, socialization and cultural assimilation. This delineates how her craft gives us understanding to how kids were raised in those days. (Lippard 2003 pp 9-10) Her Femme Maison and Fallen lady arrangement presented the part of freedom of ladies. They portrayed a female attempting to grow out of some house like structures inside which she is caught †that is endeavoring to grow out of the manliness into which the ladies were ensnared. She portrays a resistance to the negative manliness through her work, The Destruction of a Father, wherein rock figures encompass a conciliatory piece loaded with butchered body parts. Accordingly: It has been recommended that her model, The Blind Leading the Blind, has a strict undertone. As indicated by Desmond Michael and Lloyd Michael (1870-1970) Bourgeois, roused by the Cold War, made this model and that the title was picked from the New Testament section (Matthew 15:14) that depicts how a visually impaired man driving another visually impaired man would wind up in a dump. The structure is demonstrated as follows (Bernadac 2007) Bourgeois’ commitment to the American Sublime is best caught in New York’s Guggenheim Museum, the Center Pompidou in Paris and London’s Tate Modern with their monstrous assortment of her fine art. Taking everything into account, the American Sublime has been caught through craftsmanship in verse, carvings, canvases, melodies, books, and which return us to the causes of the way of life of past American social orders. Much the same as the starting points of the American wonderful can be followed through contemplating centerpieces, correspondingly, so would we be able to see much about its upheaval from the contemporary fine arts. Louise Bourgeois has figured out how to get this through her models, drawings and gems †reflecting conceptual just as substantial parts of living that identify with emotions, political standing, material culture, strict tendency, convictions and connection. References Bernadac, M (2007) â€Å"Louise Bourgeois† Rizzoli International North America pp 18 †24 Gorovoy, J. , Carver R. and Read C. (2006) â€Å"Louise Bourgeois† Bellport Press University of Michigan pp 21-35 Lippard R (2003) â€Å"Overlay: contemporary craftsmanship and the specialty of prehistory† Pantheon Books NY pp 7-16 National Gallery of Canada (2005) â€Å"Louise Bourgeois Maman† National Gallery Canada press pp 14-17

Learn How to Conjugate Téléphoner (to Call) in French

Figure out How to Conjugate Tã ©lã ©phoner (to Call) in French As you would expect, the French verbâ tã ©lã ©phonerâ means to call or to phone. Not at all like the verbâ appeler, which additionally intends to call, this one alludes explicitly to a phone discussion. So as to appropriately utilize tã ©lã ©phoner to make statements, for example, he called or I am calling, you should realize how to conjugate the action word. Fortunately this is an ordinary action word, so in addition to the fact that it is anything but difficult to remember, its additionally generally simple to conjugate. A short exercise will give you how that is finished. The Basic Conjugations of Tà ©là ©phoner In contrast with other French action words, tã ©lã ©phoner is one of the simpler action word conjugations to consider. That is on the grounds that this is aâ regular - er action word, which means it utilizes an extremely normal example as you move starting with one type of the action word then onto the next. Similarly as with every single normal action word, you will change it up of endings to the action word stem (or radical) to shape every conjugation. The catch with the French language is that there is another consummation for each subject pronoun inside each strained, giving you more words to retain. The radical of tã ©lã ©phonerâ is tã ©lã ©phon-. Using the diagram, you can see which finishing you have to add to that for your sentence. For instance, I am calling isâ je tã ©lã ©phoneâ and we will call isâ nous tã ©lã ©phonerons. Present Future Blemished je tlphone tlphonerai tlphonais tu tlphones tlphoneras tlphonais il tlphone tlphonera tlphonait nous tlphonons tlphonerons tlphonions vous tlphonez tlphonerez tlphoniez ils tlphonent tlphoneront tlphonaient The Present Participle of Tà ©là ©phoner At the point when you include - antâ to the radical ofâ tã ©lã ©phoner, you get theâ present participleâ tã ©lã ©phonant. It is an action word, however in certain circumstances you may likewise utilize it as a descriptor, ing word, or thing. Tã ©lã ©phonerâ in the Compound Past Tense The past tense can be either the blemished or the passã © composã ©, which is a compound. To frame this, youll need to conjugate the assistant action word avoir to the current state, at that point append the past participle tã ©lã ©phonã ©. For instance, I called is jai tã ©lã ©phonã © and we called is nous avons tã ©lã ©phonã ©. Increasingly Simple Conjugations of Tã ©lã ©phoner There are a couple of increasingly straightforward conjugations ofâ tã ©lã ©phonerâ that you may require now and again. The subjunctive, for example, raises doubt about the demonstration whileâ the conditionalâ says its reliant on something different. The abstract tenses of the passã © simpleâ andâ the defective subjunctiveâ are additionally great to know since you may experience them while perusing. Subjunctive Restrictive Pass Simple Flawed Subjunctive je tlphone tlphonerais tlphonai tlphonasse tu tlphones tlphonerais tlphonas tlphonasses il tlphone tlphonerait tlphona tlphont nous tlphonions tlphonerions tlphonmes tlphonassions vous tlphoniez tlphoneriez tlphontes tlphonassiez ils tlphonent tlphoneraient tlphonrent tlphonassent The basic formâ is utilized for direct sentences and frequently utilized alone, so the subject pronoun isn't required. In this occurrence, its splendidly worthy to shortenâ tuâ tã ©lã ©phoneâ toâ tã ©lã ©phone. Basic (tu) tlphone (nous) tlphonons (vous) tlphonez

Manhattan

Manhattan Manhattan, borough (1990 pop. 1,487,536), 28 sq mi (57 sq km), New York City, SE N.Y., coextensive with New York co. Manhattan is the cultural and commercial heart of the city, and its dramatic skyline symbolizes New York City around the world. It is composed chiefly of Manhattan Island, and is bounded by the Hudson River on the west, New York Bay on the south, the East River on the east, and the Harlem River and Spuyten Duyvil Creek on the northeast and north. Many bridges, tunnels, and ferries link it to the other boroughs and to New Jersey. A large portion of Manhattan's workers commute to the borough every day. New York City began as a town built at the tip of S Manhattan. It was called New Amsterdam and served as the capital of the colony of New Netherland during the Dutch domination. In 1664 the English captured New Netherland and renamed it New York. The boundary of New York City was first extended beyond Manhattan Island when some Westchester co. towns were annexed in 187 4. In the consolidation of 1898, Manhattan became one of the five boroughs of New York City. For its history, its cultural, educational, and religious institutions, and other points of interest, see New York , city. See I. N. P. Stokes, The Iconography of Manhattan Island (6 vol., 1915â€"28, repr. 1967); R. Shorto, The Island at the Center of the World: The Epic Story of Dutch Manhattan and the Forgotten Colony That Shaped America (2004). See also bibliography under New York , city. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

New Social Order - Literature Essay Samples

In Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games, the division in social class is the driving force of the novel. The Capitol creates this illusion of social mobility through the games, which provides a sense of hope to the lower classes. This â€Å"illusion† created by the capital serves as a way to keep the lower classes from protesting and revolting against their own government. Due to the capital’s corruptness, the chances of winning the games and bringing prosperity back to a district are highly improbable. However, this small fraction of hope given to the people is sufficient enough to maintain social order and keep the power to the Capitol. Through Katniss, the remaining hope in humanity and rebellion is depicted through three major symbols: flames, hunting, and the mockingjay. The first mark of rebellion in Panem is the introduction of fire and flames as motifs that mark some of Katniss’ biggest character development in The Hunger Games. When she is first viewed by the Panem elite prior to the Games, she is dressed in clothing that becomes rippled with synthetic flames which was designed by Cinna. Afterwards, she is given the moniker â€Å"the girl who was on fire†, (40). In this respect, she is viewed as a spectacle or just another form of entertainment by the Panem bourgeoise. Later in the novel, Cinna calls her by this nickname, referring to her enduring â€Å"fiery† spirit in spite of tough challenges. This shatters the view that she is merely a â€Å"spectacle† for the crowd and she actually endures beyond the quick laughs and jeers by the crowd. This carries greater significance as a sign that beyond the tyranny of the Capitol, their humiliation and degradation, and the extent to which they destroyed her livelihood, Katnis s still prevails over such harsh authority. The fact that her â€Å"fire† will never burn out is a looming reminder to the Capitol that she has sown the seeds of rebellion, and one day, they will be reaped. However, it is evident that her â€Å"fiery† dress dims considerably with time, do not emit as many flames as before. This in turn signifies the ability of the Capitol to â€Å"dim the flames† of rebellion in order to keep chaos from brewing, yet the threat still exists and looms over the government’s shoulder. Another, more obvious theme in Katniss’ quest to liberate Panem is her hunting skills, which provides her a position of power among a powerless public. In defense of these skills, Peeta answers Haymitch, who questions her ability, with â€Å"My father buys her a squirrel. He always comments on how the arrows never piece the body. She hits each one in the eye,† (21). It is this enduring skill that earns her a level of respect. The more significant instance of her abilities is when her attitude gets the better of her, and she lashes out at the Gamemakers, yet in a way that demonstrates the kind of resilience and tact exemplified by the motif of fire. During the private training session, the Gamemakers become victim to short attention spans and start eating pork, angering Katniss. She loses that signature temperament, and in an instant, she â€Å"pulled an arrow and sent it straight at the Gamemakers’ table†¦ The arrow skewers the apple in the pig’s mou th and pins it to the wall behind it. Everyone stares at me in disbelief,† (96). In spite of being overtaken by such strong emotion, Katniss manages to maintain her bow-and-arrow talents with the same precision. This signifies the ability of even Panem’s proletariat to calmly yet collectively rebel against the establishment without falling from rash decisions. This, however, still keeps the social order by the Capitol by ensuring that the struggle is maintained while never escalating to a point that gets unstable. Another similar symbol of these small defiances in a still stable social order is the mockingjay. The bird is introduced as the remnant of a failed project, which the Capitol uses to spy on the citizens of Panem. For the remainder of The Hunger Games, it serves several other meanings as it is assumed as a symbol by Katniss herself. During the Games, she and Rue join forces to defy the systematic killing of their peers, and use the mockingjay to communicate with one another. While this does signify an act of rebellion, it might also be Collins’ way of emphasizing that that kind of communication could not exist without the Capitol’s attempt to implement it as a system of control. Essentially, in their communicating with each other, it serves that purpose to an extent. However, after Rue’s death, Katniss is provoked by the sight of a mockingjay, as it represents her hatred of the government and its tyranny. This helps cement the conflict between Katniss and the oppr essiveness of the Capitol, yet it only helps to reaffirm the Capitol’s power structure over the people of Panem by giving their anger no outlet. It is only Katniss who has this outlet. The prevalence of social order in The Hunger Games serves as the looming reminder for Katniss. However, her small acts of defiance, whether they’re emblematic of her â€Å"fiery† zeal, hunting ability, or link to the mockingjay, will soon bubble over and reach a tipping point of no return. This kind of enduring conflict persists in the entire series, and is even evident in our own political system.